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August 20, 2025
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May or Shall: A Curious Case of usage in Arbitration Cl...

In a recent judgment, the Supreme Court ("SC") in BGM and M-RPL-JMCT (JV) v. Eastern Coalfields Limited reiterated that not every inclusion of an arbitration clause in a contract would amount to a valid arbitration agreement......
Unambiguous Contract:
July 2, 2025
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Unambiguous Contract: Not a Playground for Internal Aid...

In a recent judgement that reinforces the sanctity of a contract, the Division Bench ("DB") of the Delhi High Court ("DHC") in Oil and Natural Gas Corporation v. JSIW Infrastructure Private Limited has re-affirmed the foundational principle of contractual interpretation, ...
August 11, 2021
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Emergency Arbitration Awards Enforceable in India

In a significant step towards firmly entrenching the will of the parties as a fundamental cornerstone of the Indian arbitration law, the Supreme Court, on August 06, 2021, ruled in the matter of Amazon.com NV Investment Holdings LLC v/S Future Retail Limited and Others (“Judgment”), and held that an emergency arbitration award was enforceable in India. ......

The power of transition phrases in Indian patent drafting: the ‘Frimline’ Ruli...

Transition phrases are crucial in patent drafting for they define the scope of a claim. Choosing the correct phrase can impact what rights an applicant can enforce, as determined by the Delhi High Court recently, in Frimline v. K-Smatco

Representations, Warranties and Covenants: What are the consequences of breach?

Representations, Warranties and Covenants clauses are included in all commercial contracts. Traditionally, the nomenclature has not been clearly delineated, and representation and warranties are grouped together in a manner that often led them to be viewed as synonymous terms.

Pharmacyclics Continues the Divisional Applications Debate in India

In 2024, the Indian Patent Office (“IPO”) issued the Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2024 (“Rules”), which, among other things, amended the rules relating to filing of divisional applications.

An Analysis of the Reserve Bank of India’s Master Direction on Regulation of Payment...

On September 15, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI") issued the Master Direction on Regulation of Payment Aggregators, 2025 ("Master Direction"), a framework governing both bank and non-bank entities engaged in the business of payment aggregation ("Payment Aggregators" or "PA").

Removal of fetters on the Arbitration process: Arbitration is not foreclosed due to pendin...

The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 was enacted to facilitate expeditious and affordable resolution of disputes pertaining to in-personam rights arising out of contractual disputes between private parties.

Timing it Right: Delhi High Court on Pre-Grant Oppositions in India

What happens when a pre-grant opposition is filed after the Controller signs a patent application to grant? This knotty question was answered by the Delhi High Court in a recent case.

Navigating Share Transfer Restrictions in Shareholders’ Agreements Part 2

In our previous Article, we explored the foundational aspects of share transfer restrictions in shareholder agreements ("SHAs"), with a focus on concepts such as tag-along rights, drag-along rights, permitted and automatic transfers, amongst others and the interplay with the Companies Act, 2013 (the "Act").

Collection of Children’s Data under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act: Not Ch...

The protection of children's personal data has and continues to present regulatory and practical challenges for lawmakers, businesses, organisations, institutions and establishments that deal with personal data ("Data Fiduciary").

When “Ok” Becomes “Not Ok”: A cautionary tale of miscommunication from the Indian Patent O...

An important step during patent prosecution in India is the hearing. As the Indian Patent Office (IPO) tends to issue only a single examination report, hearings before the Controller are common.

Navigating Share Transfer Restrictions in Shareholders’ Agreements

Transfer restrictions in shareholder agreements ("SHA(s)") have come to play a critical role in shaping deal dynamics. With India reporting a steady growth in mergers and acquisitions ("M&A"), questions of control, transfer restrictions, ownership flexibility and exit options have become crucial for investors and companies alike.