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September 17, 2025
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When “Ok” Becomes “Not Ok”: A cautionary tale of miscom...

An important step during patent prosecution in India is the hearing. As the Indian Patent Office (IPO) tends to issue only a single examination report, hearings before the Controller are common....
December 24, 2024
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Nothing to Declare?: New Form 27 puts Patentees in Indi...

A unique requirement in Indian patent law requires patentees and licensees of granted patents to file statements as to whether their patented inventions are being worked on a commercial scale in India. The format for this ‘Statement of Working’ (SOW) is contained in Form 27 of the Indian Patent Rules, 2003. ... ...
A Study on the Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023
August 9, 2023

A Study on the Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2...

On August 7, 2023, the Lok Sabha passed the new Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023 ("Data Protection Bill") to provide for the processing of digital personal data. Currently, India does not have a standalone law on data protection. Use of personal data is currently regulated under the Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000. ......
December 8, 2022
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OPPOSING TRADEMARKS IN INDIA

Filing for a trademark and having it examined by the Trade Marks Office is only the first step in the journey towards obtaining a registered trademark. Under Indian Trademark law, once a trademark applied for has been examined for objections pertaining to distinctiveness or similarity with earlier cited marks, the trademark application is advertised in the Trademarks Journal. ......
October 6, 2021
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Unravelling the Riddles of Secret Prior Art in India an...

Patents are granted for inventions that are novel and involve an inventive step. Any information or material that is publicly available or published before the filing of a patent application is known as “prior art” and this forms the basis on which novelty and inventive step is determined. ......
September 30, 2021
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Indian Patent Offices: Finding the right jurisdiction

The Indian Patent Office is responsible for administering the Indian law of patents, and its roles include patent administration, patent duration, and patent renewal, among other things. There are four patent offices in India, located in different cities, i.e., Chennai (in southern India), Delhi (in northern India), Kolkata (in eastern India), and Mumbai (in western India). In geographical terms, these four offices cover the length and breadth of the entire country. ......
September 28, 2021
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Narrowing the Field: Selection Patents and Purposive Se...

Inventions that fall within, or overlap with, disclosures in the prior art are called “selection inventions”. Generally, selection inventions involve the selection of one or more specific embodiments, such as individual elements, subsets, or sub-ranges, within a larger known set or range disclosed in the prior art. This raises critical questions around how the novelty and inventive step of selection patents should be judged. ......
September 10, 2021
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Filing a patent in India: Understanding the three stage...

From filing a patent to its eventual grant, there are various stages that a patent application goes through in India. Patent filing is the primary step an inventor must initiate to protect their invention from being misused. Before a patent is granted, the Indian Patent Office (IPO) meticulously examines it, to ensure that the innovation sought to be patented is novel and involves an inventive step based on specific criteria. ......
September 2, 2021
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Design Marking in India: Essential or Avoidable?

Design marking is a method used by proprietors to signal that their article is protected by design rights. It entails “marking” an article in a manner that informs the public at large that the article in question is the subject matter of a registered design. The issue of whether design marking is necessary or not has come up on occasion before Indian courts, who have tackled how such marking acts as an indicator of registration, and explained the rights that follow. ......

The 2026 NICE Refresh: Codifying AI Services in Class 42 and implications for AI businesse...

The 13th edition of the Nice Classification (referred to as NCL 13-2026) came into effect on 1 January 2026. We have already provided an overview of the changes in the new edition ...

When the Internet Refuses to Move On: Media Reporting, Discharge and Dignity

In the case of IE Online Media Services Private Limited v. Nitin Bhatnagar and Ors. , the High Court of Delhi ("High Court") upheld an interim injunction directing restraint on...

A Reset of India’s Export Import Rules

To promote ease of doing business in cross-border trade through simplified procedures and reduced compliance burdens, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI"), on January 16...

The Judicial Stance on Contractual Bars and Pendente Lite Interest in Arbitration

In the realm of commercial disputes, debates pertaining to awarding of interest remains constant. For every business that deals with contracts, clauses pertaining to...

Defining Patent Ownership in India: Employment Contracts as Valid Proof of Right

In India, a patent application can be filed not just by the true and first inventor, but also by the assignee of an inventor. This is provided for under Section 6 of the Indian Patents Act...

A Peaceful Atomic Age Dawns: India’s SHANTI Act and the Nuclear Patent Revolution

The Indian Parliament recently passed the Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India Act, 2025 (SHANTI Act), laying the groundwork for a...

Draft Labour Rules: A Step Forward Towards Implementation

On December 31, 2025, the Ministry of Labour and Employment ("Ministry") released the draft rules for the implementation of the four labour codes, marking a significant advancement in...

Bottled ‘Pride’: A Trademark Whisky War in India

How far can ‘pride’ go in succeeding in a trademark passing off suit? The Supreme Court of India had occasion to consider this, although not quite literally,...

The DPIIT Working Paper on AI and Copyright: Regulatory Signals and Practical Implications...

Artificial intelligence ("AI") is no longer at the margins of business strategy. For many organisations, it has become embedded in product design, customer engagement, internal workflows and long-term planning...

Vague Definitions, Harsh Penalties and Constitutional Incompatibility: Why the Karnataka H...

On December 10, 2025, the Government of Karnataka tabled the Karnataka Hate Speech and Hate Crimes (Prevention) Bill, 2025 (the "Bill") to prevent dissemination and punish perpetrators of hate speech and hate crimes...