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November 5, 2025
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RBI Opens the Doors to Bank-Funded M&A’s: Bo...

Recently, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI") Governor, Mr. Sanjay Malhotra underscored the importance of enabling Indian banks to finance acquisitions by domestic corporates......
October 8, 2025

An Analysis of the Reserve Bank of India’s Master...

On September 15, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI") issued the Master Direction on Regulation of Payment Aggregators, 2025 ("Master Direction"), a framework governing both bank and non-bank entities engaged in the business of payment aggregation ("Payment Aggregators" or "PA")....
Digital Consent Management Pilot
June 24, 2025

A Step Towards Meaningful Consent: TRAI’s Digital...

On June 16, 2025, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India ("TRAI") launched a pilot project aimed at operationalising a new framework for digital consent management....
RBI Digital Lending Directions
May 28, 2025
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Rewriting the Rules of Digital Lending: RBI Digital Len...

Digital lending in India has revolutionized the borrowing landscape by leveraging digital platforms like mobile apps and websites to offer quick, convenient and paperless loans....
March 19, 2025
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The RBI Updated Master Directions on Foreign Investment...

On January 20, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI") introduced significant updates to its master directions on foreign investment in India ("Master Directions"). This move aims to provide clarity on various regulatory aspects, particularly concerning downstream investments by Foreign-Owned or Controlled Companies. ......
February 18, 2025
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RBI’s New Framework to Strengthen Payment Systems...

Pursuant to the enactment of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 ("DPDP Act"), the personal data of a 'Data Principal' can be processed only in accordance with the DPDP Act and for a lawful purpose for which the Data Principal has given consent. This consent needs to be 'free, specific, informed, unconditional and unambiguous' with a clear affirmative action. ......
January 1, 2025
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Examining the Draft Bill on Unregulated Lending Activit...

On December 13, 2024, the Ministry of Finance introduced the Banning of Unregulated Lending Activities (Draft) Bill ("Bill"). This Bill was based on a report submitted by the Reserve Bank of India's ("RBI") working group on digital lending. The Bill envisages the banning of all lending entities that are: (a) not authorized by the RBI or other regulators; and (b) not registered under any other law to undertake a public lending business activity. . . . ...
December 18, 2024
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OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR RECLASSIFICATION OF FOREIGN P...

On November 11, 2024, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI"), notified an operational framework for reclassification of Foreign Portfolio Investment ("FPI") to Foreign Direct Investment ("FDI") , once it exceeds the threshold percentage of 10% (ten percent) of the total paid-up equity capital (on a fully diluted basis) of an Indian company. ......
June 12, 2024
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Indian Investors can now expand their investment portfo...

Indian investment in overseas funds is governed by a combined reading of the Foreign Exchange Management (Overseas Investment) Rules, 2022 (“OI Rules”) and the Foreign Exchange Management (Overseas Investment) Directions, 2022 (“OI Directions”) (jointly referred to as the “OI Framework”). ......

Drafting deepfake defences: comments on India’s proposed amendments to the IT Rules

On October 22, 2025, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology ("MeitY") proposed significant amendments ("Proposed Amendments") to the Information...

Formulation fight: Amgen case tests patentability of biopharmaceuticals in India

In a high-stakes case, the Madras High Court examines whether Amgen's specific formulation is non-obvious and patentable, and whether the prior art guides...

Implementation of India’s Four Labour Codes: Key Changes and the Road Ahead

On November 21, 2025, the Ministry of Labour and Employment issued notifications operationalizing substantial portions of India's four labour codes...

The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025: A New Digital Frontier

The Ministry of Information and Technology (“MeitY”) on Thursday, November 13, 2025 notified the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (the “DPDP Rules”), framed under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (the “DPDP Act”).

Indemnity and Limitation of Liability Clauses: Strategic Risk Allocation in Commercial Con...

In the world of commercial contracts, astute risk management is paramount. Among the arsenal of legal tools and safeguards available to parties, the indemnity and limitation...

RBI Opens the Doors to Bank-Funded M&A’s: Boosting Domestic Acquisition Financi...

Recently, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI") Governor, Mr. Sanjay Malhotra underscored the importance of enabling Indian banks to finance acquisitions by domestic corporates...

Government Sahyog in Tightening Takedowns

In 2021, the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 ("IT Intermediary Rules") were notified in furtherance of the Central Government's power to make rules...

Data Clean Rooms: The Future of Privacy-Compliant Data Collaboration

As organisations grapple with increasingly stringent privacy and data protection laws, the concept of the Data Clean Room (“DCR“) has emerged as a transformative solution that enables collaboration without compromising compliance.

The power of transition phrases in Indian patent drafting: the ‘Frimline’ Ruli...

Transition phrases are crucial in patent drafting for they define the scope of a claim. Choosing the correct phrase can impact what rights an applicant can enforce, as determined by the Delhi High Court recently, in Frimline v. K-Smatco

Representations, Warranties and Covenants: What are the consequences of breach?

Representations, Warranties and Covenants clauses are included in all commercial contracts. Traditionally, the nomenclature has not been clearly delineated, and representation and warranties are grouped together in a manner that often led them to be viewed as synonymous terms.