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Tag: Section 3(e)

May 17, 2022
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Patenting 3d Bioprinting In India

Tissue or organ replacement is a medical phenomenon that has saved human lives over the decades. With 3D bioprinting, where functional living human tissues and organs can be fabricated using 3D printing technology, the field has charted a new path, acquired more relevance, and provokes many questions, ethical, medical, legal and beyond. ......
April 6, 2022
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Under the skin: Patentability of cosmetic compositions ...

Cosmetic compositions and methods, like any other inventions, are expected to meet the three step requirement of patentability in India before being granted protection under law, i.e., the invention must meet the criteria of “Novelty”, “Inventive step” and “Industrial Application”. ......
January 11, 2022
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Greater than the Sum of its Parts: Synergism and the Pa...

This is the second part of a discussion on synergism and the patentability of compositions in India, which details the manner in which patent applications for compositions have been prosecuted by the Indian Patent Office (“IPO”) over the years. The first part describing the ways in which synergistic effect may be demonstrated can be. ......
January 11, 2022
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Greater than the Sum of its Parts: Synergism and the Pa...

The patentability of compositions is governed by two key provisions in the Indian Patents Act, 1970 (“the Act”), i.e., the requirement that in order to be patentable, an invention must be novel, include an inventive step, and have some industrial applicability (Section 2(1)(j)), and the requirement that a substance obtained by a mere admixture resulting only in the aggregation of the properties of its components or a process for producing such substance is not patentable (Section 3(e)). ......

Formulation fight: Amgen case tests patentability of biopharmaceuticals in India

In a high-stakes case, the Madras High Court examines whether Amgen's specific formulation is non-obvious and patentable, and whether the prior art guides...

Implementation of India’s Four Labour Codes: Key Changes and the Road Ahead

On November 21, 2025, the Ministry of Labour and Employment issued notifications operationalizing substantial portions of India's four labour codes...

The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025: A New Digital Frontier

The Ministry of Information and Technology (“MeitY”) on Thursday, November 13, 2025 notified the Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025 (the “DPDP Rules”), framed under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (the “DPDP Act”).

Indemnity and Limitation of Liability Clauses: Strategic Risk Allocation in Commercial Con...

In the world of commercial contracts, astute risk management is paramount. Among the arsenal of legal tools and safeguards available to parties, the indemnity and limitation...

RBI Opens the Doors to Bank-Funded M&A’s: Boosting Domestic Acquisition Financi...

Recently, the Reserve Bank of India ("RBI") Governor, Mr. Sanjay Malhotra underscored the importance of enabling Indian banks to finance acquisitions by domestic corporates...

Government Sahyog in Tightening Takedowns

In 2021, the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 ("IT Intermediary Rules") were notified in furtherance of the Central Government's power to make rules...

Data Clean Rooms: The Future of Privacy-Compliant Data Collaboration

As organisations grapple with increasingly stringent privacy and data protection laws, the concept of the Data Clean Room (“DCR“) has emerged as a transformative solution that enables collaboration without compromising compliance.

The power of transition phrases in Indian patent drafting: the ‘Frimline’ Ruli...

Transition phrases are crucial in patent drafting for they define the scope of a claim. Choosing the correct phrase can impact what rights an applicant can enforce, as determined by the Delhi High Court recently, in Frimline v. K-Smatco

Representations, Warranties and Covenants: What are the consequences of breach?

Representations, Warranties and Covenants clauses are included in all commercial contracts. Traditionally, the nomenclature has not been clearly delineated, and representation and warranties are grouped together in a manner that often led them to be viewed as synonymous terms.

Pharmacyclics Continues the Divisional Applications Debate in India

In 2024, the Indian Patent Office (“IPO”) issued the Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2024 (“Rules”), which, among other things, amended the rules relating to filing of divisional applications.